A 2 day workshop will be organized at Graz, with presentations of ESR and ER. It will be organized by TUG and TUBS. It is anticipated that the workshop is held after 18 months with 30 attendees (only open to the programme). This workshop will introduce to the basic principles which are used for the retainment of e.g. enzymes but also with respect to surface functionalisation of sensor surfaces. Therefore it is expected that many partners like UOULU, UNICZ, DTU, UCL, UL, TUG, and the microfabrication companies will actively participate and benefit at the same time from this workshop. First the principles of immobilisation will be presented and explained in detail, followed by a broad presentation of the different ways of application throughout the projects and case studies.